Denarius

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Rosalinda Arriaga Navarrete — 2025-09-18

Facturación comercial y flujos financieros ilícitos: un enfoque desde la teoría de juegos

Juan Salazar Vázquez — 2025-09-18

His essay analyzes the practice of trade mis-invoicing, understood as a deliberate strategy through which economic agents manipulate the declared values in international trade operations in order to evade taxes, shift capital, or exploit regulatory loopholes. Using game theory as an analytical framework, the paper models the behavior of agents who weigh the benefits of fraud against the risk of detection and applicable sanctions. Four types of mis-invoicing (A–D) are examined, along with scenarios of repeated interaction, collusion between counterparties, and abusive transfer pricing. The paper discusses available empirical evidence and methodological tools such as the Partner Country Method (PCM) and the Price Filter Method (PFM), which help adjust risk perception and support policy recommendations. Among the main findings, it is shown that commercial fraud is not a random phenomenon but a strategic decision influenced by the institutional environment, and that calibrated random audits, reputational incentives, and inter-institutional cooperation can shift compliance equilibria. Moreover, the study highlights that trade mis-invoicing (TM) should be understood beyond statistical estimations, as a rational behavior that requires comprehensive regulatory interventions.

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Eva Ugarte Pineda — 2025-09-18

Climate change represents a growing threat to global financial and economic stability. This paper presents a literature review on the strategies and measures adopted by central banks to mitigate climate-related financial risks and to facilitate the transition toward a sustainable economy. The review highlights that central banks are progressively integrating environmental risks into their financial supervision frameworks, conducting climate stress tests, and implementing strategies aimed at directing credit flows toward sustainable sectors. Nevertheless, an ongoing debate persists regarding the principle of central bank neutrality in the face of climate-related interventions.

Assessing Intel Corporation’s Competitive Position in the Microprocessor Industry.

Alfredo Olguin Gallardo — 2025-09-18

Fierce competition has arisen in the last years within the microprocessor industry. Companies like AMD, Qualcomm, MediaTek, Apple, and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited are some of the major global microprocessor suppliers. Intel Corporation, since its foundation back in 1968, remains one of the major players in the industry. Although there are challenges which include a high degree of competition in the industry as well as recent security breaches that have affected the business. Despite the challenging landscape lead by Nvidia and AMD popularity, Intel continues to hold a good portion of the marketplace, due to heavy investment in R&D in the last fifty years.

This paper analyzes Intel Corporation’s competitive position, from multiple business advantages. This paper concludes that these elements give Intel a competitive edge despite the dramatic decline in profitability, Intel year over year sales went around 14% while EPS fell from $1.94 in 2022 to 0.40 USD in 2023. The strategic initiatives and acquisitions undertaken by Intel such as Tower Semiconductor, Granulate as well as Moovit will be expected to spur future profitability along with increased operational efficiency.

JEL: M15, O32

Complexity economics and decision-making: a system dynamics perspective

Ricardo Pérez-Ortega — 2025-09-18

This study analyzes the effect of uncertainty, emotions and cognitive systems, modeled as time delays, on the efficiency of information processing and decision-making through time. These delays increase cognitive load, bounding cognitive capabilities and information processing of the agent. The modeling and simulation method is System Dynamics, drawing from Complexity Economics, Behavioral Economics, Rational Inattention Theory, and Information Theory. Results show that delays impact the entire system, hindering the agent´s ability to process available information fully. We conclude that cognitive efficiency depends on the agent´s cognitive capabilities and its adaptation to fluctuating levels of uncertainty, emotional flow, and cognitive load over time.

Goodbye to service.

César Medina Salgado — 2025-09-18

The aim of this paper is discusses three major restaurant chains in Mexico. Due to copyright, they will be labeled as options 1, 2, and 3. Each of them is described below. Option 1 is a chain founded in 1903 as a pharmacy and has three red owls on a white background as its emblem. Option 2 began operations on August 6th, 1964, and initially belonged to a major Mexican self-service chain. It was later sold to another North American chain in 2014 it changed owners again. Option 3 is owned by a large Mexican commercial company founded in July 1971. The name of this chain could respond to the acronym for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the plural or the onomatopoeia of speaking in the English language. For its study, participant observation, Claude Levi Strauss' structuralism, and ethnomethodology were used. The research has an exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory character.

The The challenge of corruption in mexican public administration: challenges, opportunities and proposals to innovate The National Anti-Corruption System and strengthen governmental ethics

Liliana del Carmen García Vázquez — 2025-09-18

This study examines the challenges of Mexico's National Anti-Corruption System (SNA), identifying three main obstacles: interinstitutional coordination gaps, insufficient resources, and cultural barriers that normalize corrupt practices. Through qualitative documentary analysis and a review of international best practices, it proposes the Comprehensive Monitoring, Evaluation and Anti-Corruption Coordination System (SIMECA) as an innovative solution. This technological platform aims to strengthen the SNA by providing:

Enhanced transparency and information access
Optimized citizen reporting mechanisms
Real-time public oversight

The research emphasizes the need to promote strong governmental ethics and improve institutional coordination, underscoring that active societal participation is essential for achieving a more effective and transparent public administration.

La The transformation of theories and paradigms as a product of economic crises

Miguel David Álvarez Hernández — 2025-09-18

Economic crises have historically served as critical junctures in the evolution of economic thought, prompting the reconfiguration of theoretical frameworks and paradigms. Within this context, the present study examines two “theoretical revolutions”: the Keynesian and the Marxist. Keynes posited that economic crises stem from deficiencies in aggregate demand and are thus amenable to correction through state intervention. In contrast, Marx viewed crises as the inevitable outcome of capitalism’s intrinsic contradictions. This analysis is further enriched by insights from the philosophy of science—particularly the contributions of Kuhn, Popper, and Lakatos—in order to assess whether the so-called “Keynesian revolution” constitutes a genuine scientific revolution or rather represents a gradual adjustment within an existing research program. The study argues that, unlike the natural sciences, economics has not undergone definitive paradigm shifts, largely due to the pervasive influence of political and ideological factors. The research concludes by contending that contemporary crises necessitate a fundamental rethinking of economic thought, one that embraces heterodox approaches and acknowledges the historical and institutional determinants shaping economic policy.

Pérez Méndez, Marco Antonio (2021) Crecimiento, Distribución del ingreso y Pobreza en México. Un enfoque regional, 2002 – 2014.

Jocabed Sánchez Martínez — 2025-09-18

Reseña del libro:

Pérez Méndez, Marco Antonio (2021) Crecimiento, Distribución del ingreso y Pobreza en México. Un enfoque regional, 2002 – 2014.